chore/unformatted exceptions

[d-v-b]

This pr addresses #3402 by allowing all of the zarr-specific exceptions take a single argument, which will be treated as a pre-formatted message. The old behavior, in which an exception would take multiple arguments and use them to format a canned message, is still available by passing in multiple arguments. I don't know how to deprecate this visibly, but I also suspect the API of zarr.errors is not a load-bearing member for many downstream projects.

While changing the exceptions in zarr.errors, I found more exceptions defined in zarr.core.indexing. I moved those definitions to zarr.errors, because all our errors should be defined in one place, barring a strong reason otherwise. Had all the errors been defined in place, I wouldn't have needed to use a text search to discover the additional errors in zarr.core.indexing.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 92.45283% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 94.92%. Comparing base (6d4b5e7) to head (fd6c3b2).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/zarr/core/indexing.py	87.50%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/zarr/storage/_common.py	66.66%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3403      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   94.89%   94.92%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files          79       79              
  Lines        9501     9503       +2     
==========================================
+ Hits         9016     9021       +5     
+ Misses        485      482       -3     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/zarr/api/asynchronous.py	90.03% <100.00%> (+0.06%)	⬆️
src/zarr/core/array.py	97.44% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
src/zarr/core/group.py	95.06% <100.00%> (+0.02%)	⬆️
src/zarr/core/metadata/v3.py	90.15% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
src/zarr/errors.py	100.00% <100.00%> (+12.50%)	⬆️
src/zarr/core/indexing.py	96.26% <87.50%> (-0.15%)	⬇️
src/zarr/storage/_common.py	92.47% <66.66%> (-0.43%)	⬇️

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[maxrjones]

This looks good, I think a test just needs updating for my suggestion of a more informative error message. I'll approve once the tests pass

[d-v-b]

@maxrjones tests are green